2 Chronicles 36:22
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
2 Chronicles 36:22
22 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,
Chapter Context
2 Chronicles 36 is a historical narrative chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of righteousness, mercy, faith. Written during the post-exilic reflection on the monarchy (c. 430-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written to remind returning exiles of their temple-centered worship and Davidic heritage.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-23: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 2 Chronicles and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
2 Chronicles 36:22
22 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,
Analysis
Chronicles' ending strikes hope: 'Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom.' This demonstrates God's sovereign control over pagan kings to accomplish His promises. Jeremiah prophesied 70 years exile (Jeremiah 25:11-12); Cyrus's decree (539 BCE) fulfilled this precisely. The phrase 'stirred up the spirit' shows God's sovereign work in human hearts, even unregenerate rulers. This points to God's sovereignty over all earthly powers to accomplish redemptive purposes, ultimately fulfilled in Christ who brings the true return from exile.
Historical Context
Cyrus's decree allowing Jewish return (538 BCE) demonstrated Persian policy of tolerance and restoration of local cults. Yet the Chronicler interprets this politically motivated decree as divine providence fulfilling prophetic word, showing God works through natural means while maintaining sovereign purposes.
Reflection
- How does God's sovereign control over Cyrus encourage trust in His ability to use any circumstance or person for His purposes?
- Where do you need to trust that God can 'stir up spirits' - change hearts - to accomplish His will in seemingly impossible situations?
Word Studies
- Word: דָּבָר (Davar) H1697 - Word, thing, matter
Cross-References
- Kingdom: Jeremiah 25:12, Daniel 10:1
- Word: 2 Chronicles 36:21, Jeremiah 29:10
- Spirit: Ezra 1:5